"-iere" meaning in Middle English

See -iere in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Suffix

IPA: /-jər(ə)/, /-i.ər(ə)/, /-iˌɛ̞ːr(ə)/, /-jɛ̞ːr(ə)/ (note: with secondary stress) Forms: -ȝer [alternative], -iar [alternative], -ier [alternative], -ior [alternative], -yare [alternative], -yer [alternative], -yere [alternative], -yȝere [alternative]
Etymology: Probably from -ien (infinitival suffix) + -ere (agent noun); i.e. nouns in -ere built to verbs in -ien, perhaps on the model of how Old English formations in Old English -end built on Class 2 weak verbs retain the -i- of the verb (e.g. lovye(n) → lovyere like Old English lufian → lufiend). In later use, possibly reinforced by Old French -ier once -ie- became a rising diphthong. Etymology templates: {{af|enm|-ien|-ere|id1=infinitival|id2=agentive|nocat=1|pos1=infinitival suffix|pos2=agent noun}} -ien (infinitival suffix) + -ere (agent noun), {{m+|ang|-end}} Old English -end, {{m+|ang|lufian}} Old English lufian, {{bor|enm|fro|-ier}} Old French -ier Head templates: {{head|enm|suffix|cat2=noun-forming suffixes}} -iere
  1. Forms agent nouns from other nouns or verbs; -er Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--iere-enm-suffix-x54YLcPw Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Middle English terms suffixed with -ere (agentive), Pages using catfix, Pages with 3 entries, Pages with entries, Pages with 3 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Pages with 3 entries: 13 8 75 2 2 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 11 13 72 2 2

Alternative forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "-yer"
    },
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "-ier"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "-ien",
        "3": "-ere",
        "id1": "infinitival",
        "id2": "agentive",
        "nocat": "1",
        "pos1": "infinitival suffix",
        "pos2": "agent noun"
      },
      "expansion": "-ien (infinitival suffix) + -ere (agent noun)",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "-end"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English -end",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "lufian"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English lufian",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "-ier"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French -ier",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Probably from -ien (infinitival suffix) + -ere (agent noun); i.e. nouns in -ere built to verbs in -ien, perhaps on the model of how Old English formations in Old English -end built on Class 2 weak verbs retain the -i- of the verb (e.g. lovye(n) → lovyere like Old English lufian → lufiend). In later use, possibly reinforced by Old French -ier once -ie- became a rising diphthong.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-ȝer",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iar",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ier",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ior",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-yare",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-yer",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-yere",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-yȝere",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "noun-forming suffixes"
      },
      "expansion": "-iere",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -ere (agentive)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using catfix",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 8 75 2 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 13 72 2 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Forms agent nouns from other nouns or verbs; -er"
      ],
      "id": "en--iere-enm-suffix-x54YLcPw",
      "links": [
        [
          "-er",
          "-er#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/-jər(ə)/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/-i.ər(ə)/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/-iˌɛ̞ːr(ə)/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/-jɛ̞ːr(ə)/",
      "note": "with secondary stress"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-iere"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "-yer"
    },
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "-ier"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "-ien",
        "3": "-ere",
        "id1": "infinitival",
        "id2": "agentive",
        "nocat": "1",
        "pos1": "infinitival suffix",
        "pos2": "agent noun"
      },
      "expansion": "-ien (infinitival suffix) + -ere (agent noun)",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "-end"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English -end",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "lufian"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English lufian",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "-ier"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French -ier",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Probably from -ien (infinitival suffix) + -ere (agent noun); i.e. nouns in -ere built to verbs in -ien, perhaps on the model of how Old English formations in Old English -end built on Class 2 weak verbs retain the -i- of the verb (e.g. lovye(n) → lovyere like Old English lufian → lufiend). In later use, possibly reinforced by Old French -ier once -ie- became a rising diphthong.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-ȝer",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-iar",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ier",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ior",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-yare",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-yer",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-yere",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-yȝere",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "noun-forming suffixes"
      },
      "expansion": "-iere",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
        "Middle English lemmas",
        "Middle English noun-forming suffixes",
        "Middle English suffixes",
        "Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
        "Middle English terms derived from Old French",
        "Middle English terms suffixed with -ere (agentive)",
        "Pages using catfix",
        "Pages with 3 entries",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Forms agent nouns from other nouns or verbs; -er"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "-er",
          "-er#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/-jər(ə)/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/-i.ər(ə)/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/-iˌɛ̞ːr(ə)/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/-jɛ̞ːr(ə)/",
      "note": "with secondary stress"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-iere"
}

Download raw JSONL data for -iere meaning in Middle English (2.3kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-02-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-02-01 using wiktextract (f492ef9 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.